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Fading

The gradual loss of brightness or brilliance of a colour or colours; the gradual weakening of colour (pigment) saturation.

COMMENT: COMMENT: Generally the result of chemical reactions or exposure to direct sunlight (UV).

Literature

van der Snickt G., Dik J.,Cotte M., Janssens K., Jaroszewicz J., De Nolf W., Groenewegen J., van der Loeff L., Characterization of a Degraded Cadmium Yellow (CdS) Pigment in an Oil Painting by Means of Synchrotron Radiation Based X-ray Techniques, 2009, in: Analytical Chemistry 2009 81 (7), pp 794-808
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0003702816685097

Fieberg J.E., Knutas P., Hostettler K., Smith G.D., “Paintings Fade Like Flowers”: Pigment Analysis and Digital Reconstruction of a Faded Pink Lake Pigment in Vincent van Gogh’s Undergrowth with Two Figures, 2017, in: Applied Spectroscopy Vol.71 Nr. 5, pp 10221–10228

Van der Snickt G., Janssens K., Dik J., De Nolf W., Vanmeert F., Jaroszewicz J.,Cotte M., Falkenberg G., Van der Loeff L., Combined use of Synchrotron Radiation Based Micro-X-ray Fluorescence, Micro-X-ray Diffraction, Micro-X-ray Absorption Near-Edge, and Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopies for Revealing an Alternative Degradation Pathway of the Pigment Cadmium Yellow in a Painting by Van Gogh, 2012, in: Analytical Chemisty 2012 vol. 84 (23), pp 311-327

Kirchner E., van der Lans I., Ligterink F., Geldof M., Megens L., Meedendorp T., Pils K., Hendriks E., Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles part 3: Determining the original colors, 2017, in: Colour Research and Application, vol 43. issue 3, pp 268-289

Megens L., Geldof M., de Keijzer M., van Bommel M.R., van Keulen H., Van Gogh’s Geranium Lake, 2013, in: Van Gogh’s Studio Practice, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Mercatorfonds, pp 967-980

Pouyet E., Cotte M., Fayard B., Salomé M., Meirer F., Mehta A., et al., 2D X-ray and FTIR micro-analysis of the degradation of cadmium yellow pigment in paintings of Henri Matisse., 2015, in: Applied physics A vol.121, issue 3,

Kirchner E., van der Lans I., Ligterink F., Geldof M., Ness Proano Gaibor A., Hendriks E., Janssens K., Delaney J., Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles.Part 2: Pigment concentration maps, 2018, in: Colour Research and Application, vol 43. issue 2, pp 158-176

Cadorin P., Colour Fading in Van Gogh and Gauguin., 1991, in: A Closer Look: Technical and Art-Historical Studies of Works by Van Gogh and Gauguin, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum: Waanders Publishers, pp 12-19

Burnstock A.,Lanfear I., van den Berg K.J.,Carlyle L., Clarke M., et al., Comparison of the Fading and Surface Deterioration of Red Lake Pigments in Six Paintings by Vincent van Gogh with Artificially Aged Paint Reconstructions, 2005, in: ICOM-CC 14th Triennial Meeting Preprints, The Hague, Netherlands, pp 459-466

Fiedler I., Hendriks E., Meedendorp T., Menu M., Salvant J., Materials, Intention and Evolution, 2016, in: Van Gogh’s Bedrooms, New Haven, CT and London, UK: Yale University, pp 68-103

Rioux J.-P., The Discoloration of Pinks and Purples in Van Gogh’s Paintings from Auvers, 1999, in: Cezanne to Van Gogh: The Collection of Doctor Gachet, New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harry N. Abrams, pp 104-114

van Bommel M., Geldof M., Hendriks E., An Investigation of Organic Red Pigments used in Paintings by Vincent van Gogh (November 1885 to February 1888), 2005, in:  ArtMatters (Netherlandish Technical Studies in Art) 2005 vol. 3, pp 111-137

Berrie B.H., Strumfels Y., Change is permanent: thoughts on the fading of cochineal-based watercolor pigments, 2017, in: Heritage Science 2017: vol. 5 iss. 30,
https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-017-0143-4

Gervais C., Languille M.A., Réguer S., Gillet M., Pelletier S., Garnier C., Vicenzi E.P., Bertrand L., Why does Prussian blue fade? Understanding the role(s) of the substrate, 2013, in: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry vol. 10, pp 1600-1609

van den Berg K.J., Burnstock A., Carlyle L., Clarke M., Hendriks E., Hoppenbrouwers R., Kirby J., Lanfear I., Fading of red lake paints after Vincent van Gogh- an interdiciplinary study involving three De Mayerne projects, 2006, in: Reporting the highlights of the De Mayerne programme NWO, The Hague, November 2006, pp 89-96
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.454.8324&rep=rep1&type=pdf#page=21

Townsend J., Ormsby B., Smithen P., Barker R. , A microfading study of Mark Rothko’s materials for the Seagram murals (1958-59), 2017, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 18th Triennial Conference, Copenhagen, 2017, paper 1023
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=cdc6dc67-875f-43c7-9884-01552101955f

Stenger J., Non-Invasive Color Restoration of Faded Paintings Using Light from a Digital Projector, 2011, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 16th Triennial Conference, Lisbon, 2011, paper 1007
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=6c59abd1-0c01-4fe1-86ba-032005c35ad7

Kubik M.E., Preserving the painted image: the art and science of Conservation, 2010, in: Colour: Design and Creativity vol.5 (2010) issue 5., pp 1-8
http://jaic.jsitservices.co.uk/index.php/JAIC/article/view/12/11

Verbleken

Het geleidelijk verlies van helderheid of intensiteit van een kleur of kleuren; de geleidelijke afzwakking van kleur (pigment) verzadiging.

Opmerking: Meestal het resultaat van chemische reacties, of blootstelling aan directe zonlicht (UV).

Literatuur

van der Snickt G., Dik J.,Cotte M., Janssens K., Jaroszewicz J., De Nolf W., Groenewegen J., van der Loeff L., Characterization of a Degraded Cadmium Yellow (CdS) Pigment in an Oil Painting by Means of Synchrotron Radiation Based X-ray Techniques, 2009, in: Analytical Chemistry 2009 81 (7), pp 794-808
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0003702816685097

Fieberg J.E., Knutas P., Hostettler K., Smith G.D., “Paintings Fade Like Flowers”: Pigment Analysis and Digital Reconstruction of a Faded Pink Lake Pigment in Vincent van Gogh’s Undergrowth with Two Figures, 2017, in: Applied Spectroscopy Vol.71 Nr. 5, pp 10221–10228

Van der Snickt G., Janssens K., Dik J., De Nolf W., Vanmeert F., Jaroszewicz J.,Cotte M., Falkenberg G., Van der Loeff L., Combined use of Synchrotron Radiation Based Micro-X-ray Fluorescence, Micro-X-ray Diffraction, Micro-X-ray Absorption Near-Edge, and Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopies for Revealing an Alternative Degradation Pathway of the Pigment Cadmium Yellow in a Painting by Van Gogh, 2012, in: Analytical Chemisty 2012 vol. 84 (23), pp 311-327

Kirchner E., van der Lans I., Ligterink F., Geldof M., Megens L., Meedendorp T., Pils K., Hendriks E., Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles part 3: Determining the original colors, 2017, in: Colour Research and Application, vol 43. issue 3, pp 268-289

Megens L., Geldof M., de Keijzer M., van Bommel M.R., van Keulen H., Van Gogh’s Geranium Lake, 2013, in: Van Gogh’s Studio Practice, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Mercatorfonds, pp 967-980

Pouyet E., Cotte M., Fayard B., Salomé M., Meirer F., Mehta A., et al., 2D X-ray and FTIR micro-analysis of the degradation of cadmium yellow pigment in paintings of Henri Matisse., 2015, in: Applied physics A vol.121, issue 3,

Kirchner E., van der Lans I., Ligterink F., Geldof M., Ness Proano Gaibor A., Hendriks E., Janssens K., Delaney J., Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles.Part 2: Pigment concentration maps, 2018, in: Colour Research and Application, vol 43. issue 2, pp 158-176

Cadorin P., Colour Fading in Van Gogh and Gauguin., 1991, in: A Closer Look: Technical and Art-Historical Studies of Works by Van Gogh and Gauguin, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum: Waanders Publishers, pp 12-19

Burnstock A.,Lanfear I., van den Berg K.J.,Carlyle L., Clarke M., et al., Comparison of the Fading and Surface Deterioration of Red Lake Pigments in Six Paintings by Vincent van Gogh with Artificially Aged Paint Reconstructions, 2005, in: ICOM-CC 14th Triennial Meeting Preprints, The Hague, Netherlands, pp 459-466

Fiedler I., Hendriks E., Meedendorp T., Menu M., Salvant J., Materials, Intention and Evolution, 2016, in: Van Gogh’s Bedrooms, New Haven, CT and London, UK: Yale University, pp 68-103

Rioux J.-P., The Discoloration of Pinks and Purples in Van Gogh’s Paintings from Auvers, 1999, in: Cezanne to Van Gogh: The Collection of Doctor Gachet, New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harry N. Abrams, pp 104-114

van Bommel M., Geldof M., Hendriks E., An Investigation of Organic Red Pigments used in Paintings by Vincent van Gogh (November 1885 to February 1888), 2005, in:  ArtMatters (Netherlandish Technical Studies in Art) 2005 vol. 3, pp 111-137

Berrie B.H., Strumfels Y., Change is permanent: thoughts on the fading of cochineal-based watercolor pigments, 2017, in: Heritage Science 2017: vol. 5 iss. 30,
https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-017-0143-4

Gervais C., Languille M.A., Réguer S., Gillet M., Pelletier S., Garnier C., Vicenzi E.P., Bertrand L., Why does Prussian blue fade? Understanding the role(s) of the substrate, 2013, in: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry vol. 10, pp 1600-1609

van den Berg K.J., Burnstock A., Carlyle L., Clarke M., Hendriks E., Hoppenbrouwers R., Kirby J., Lanfear I., Fading of red lake paints after Vincent van Gogh- an interdiciplinary study involving three De Mayerne projects, 2006, in: Reporting the highlights of the De Mayerne programme NWO, The Hague, November 2006, pp 89-96
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.454.8324&rep=rep1&type=pdf#page=21

Townsend J., Ormsby B., Smithen P., Barker R. , A microfading study of Mark Rothko’s materials for the Seagram murals (1958-59), 2017, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 18th Triennial Conference, Copenhagen, 2017, paper 1023
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=cdc6dc67-875f-43c7-9884-01552101955f

Stenger J., Non-Invasive Color Restoration of Faded Paintings Using Light from a Digital Projector, 2011, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 16th Triennial Conference, Lisbon, 2011, paper 1007
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=6c59abd1-0c01-4fe1-86ba-032005c35ad7

Kubik M.E., Preserving the painted image: the art and science of Conservation, 2010, in: Colour: Design and Creativity vol.5 (2010) issue 5., pp 1-8
http://jaic.jsitservices.co.uk/index.php/JAIC/article/view/12/11