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Loose Dirt

Loose, non original particles or layer found ON the surface of an object which can be seen either macroscopically or microscopically. When the dirt forms a layer it often has a greyish or brownish colour, has a matte appearance and can partially obscure the image. Although the dirt may be well-adhered to the surface, it is a separate layer on the surface.

COMMENT: COMMENT: Dirt is an accumulation of dust, grease, smoke and particulate matter; generally accumulated through moisture or by transfer through inappropriate handling.

Literature

Daudin-Schotte M., Bisschoff M., Joosten I., Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Dry cleaning approaches for unvarnished paint surfaces, 2013, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 205-212

Stangier S.,, Fleurs Grises -A delicate surface. Difficult to clean-Essential to protect, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 363-372

Daudin-Schotte M., van Keulen H., Dry cleaning: research and practice, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 373-388

Veríssimo Mendes B., van den Berg K.J., Megens L., Joosten I., Daudin M., New approaches to surface cleaning of unvarnished contemporary oil paintings- Moist sponges and cloths, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 255-270

Morrison R., Bagley-Young A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., An investigation of parameters for the use of citrate solutions for surface cleaning unvarnished paintings., 2007, in: Studies in Conservation vol 52 nr.4 2007, pp 255-270

Daudin-Schotte M., van Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Analysis and application of dry cleaning materials on unvarnished paint surfaces, RCE project 2006-2009, 2014, in: CESMAR7 2014, pp 135-149

Ormsby B., Learner T., Schilling M., Druzik J., Khanjian H., Carson D., Foster G., Sloan M., The effects of surface cleaning on acrylic emulsion paintings-a preliminary investigation., 2006, in: Oberflächenreinigung; materialien und methoden. VDR schriftenreihe, 2nd edn. Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart, pp 3-10

Perry R., Problems of Dirt accumulation and its removal from unvarnished paintings: a practical review, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 3-6

Todd V., The visual effects of dirt on paintings, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp

Hackney S., The removal of dirt from Turner's unvarnished oil sketches, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 51-55

Green T., Surface dirt removal from unvarnished paint films., 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 15-16

Hackney S., The art and science of cleaning paintings, 2010, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 11- 18

Phenix A., Burnstock A., The deposition of dirt: a review of the literature, with scanning electron microscope studies of dirt on selected paintings, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990,

Wolbers R., Cleaning Painted Surfaces: Aqueous methods, 2000, in: Archetype publications, London,

Ormsby B.A., An empirical evaluation of a range of cleaning agents for removing dirt from artists acrylic emulsion paints, 2013, in: AIC specialty group postprints, 23rd edn., pp 77-87

Phenix A., Burnstock A., The removal of surface dirt on paintings with chelating agents, 1992, in: Conservator vol. 16, pp 28-38

Ormsby B., Learner T., The effects of wet surface cleaning treatments on acrylic emulsion artists' paints – a review of recent scientific research, 2009, in: Studies in Conservation, vol. 54, 2009, issue sup 1: reviews in Conservation vol. 10 2009, pp 29-41

Cremonesi P., Surface cleaning? Yes, freshly grated Agar gel, please, 2016, in: Studies in Conservation vol.61, 2016, issue 6, pp 362-367

Los vuil

Losse, niet originele deeltjes of laag OP het oppervlak van het object, die op macroscopische of microscopische vergroting gezien kunnen worden. Wanneer het losse vuil een laag vormt, heeft het vaak een grijzige of bruinige kleur, heeft een matte uitstraling en kan het beeld deels verbergen. Los vuil kan goed vastzitten op het oppervlak maar is wel een aparte laag.

Opmerking: Vuil is een verzameling van stof, vet, rook en fijn stof, in het algemeen getransporteerd en neergedaald door water, of overgebracht door verkeerd handelen.

Literatuur

Daudin-Schotte M., Bisschoff M., Joosten I., Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Dry cleaning approaches for unvarnished paint surfaces, 2013, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 205-212

Stangier S.,, Fleurs Grises -A delicate surface. Difficult to clean-Essential to protect, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 363-372

Daudin-Schotte M., van Keulen H., Dry cleaning: research and practice, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 373-388

Veríssimo Mendes B., van den Berg K.J., Megens L., Joosten I., Daudin M., New approaches to surface cleaning of unvarnished contemporary oil paintings- Moist sponges and cloths, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 255-270

Morrison R., Bagley-Young A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., An investigation of parameters for the use of citrate solutions for surface cleaning unvarnished paintings., 2007, in: Studies in Conservation vol 52 nr.4 2007, pp 255-270

Daudin-Schotte M., van Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Analysis and application of dry cleaning materials on unvarnished paint surfaces, RCE project 2006-2009, 2014, in: CESMAR7 2014, pp 135-149

Ormsby B., Learner T., Schilling M., Druzik J., Khanjian H., Carson D., Foster G., Sloan M., The effects of surface cleaning on acrylic emulsion paintings-a preliminary investigation., 2006, in: Oberflächenreinigung; materialien und methoden. VDR schriftenreihe, 2nd edn. Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart, pp 3-10

Perry R., Problems of Dirt accumulation and its removal from unvarnished paintings: a practical review, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 3-6

Todd V., The visual effects of dirt on paintings, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp

Hackney S., The removal of dirt from Turner's unvarnished oil sketches, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 51-55

Green T., Surface dirt removal from unvarnished paint films., 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 15-16

Hackney S., The art and science of cleaning paintings, 2010, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 11- 18

Phenix A., Burnstock A., The deposition of dirt: a review of the literature, with scanning electron microscope studies of dirt on selected paintings, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990,

Wolbers R., Cleaning Painted Surfaces: Aqueous methods, 2000, in: Archetype publications, London,

Ormsby B.A., An empirical evaluation of a range of cleaning agents for removing dirt from artists acrylic emulsion paints, 2013, in: AIC specialty group postprints, 23rd edn., pp 77-87

Phenix A., Burnstock A., The removal of surface dirt on paintings with chelating agents, 1992, in: Conservator vol. 16, pp 28-38

Ormsby B., Learner T., The effects of wet surface cleaning treatments on acrylic emulsion artists' paints – a review of recent scientific research, 2009, in: Studies in Conservation, vol. 54, 2009, issue sup 1: reviews in Conservation vol. 10 2009, pp 29-41

Cremonesi P., Surface cleaning? Yes, freshly grated Agar gel, please, 2016, in: Studies in Conservation vol.61, 2016, issue 6, pp 362-367