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Imbibed Dirt

Well adhered non-original particles found IN the surface of the paint or varnish. Depending on the concentration of dirt particles found in the layer, it can give the paint a dullish, matte or greyish appearance.

Related terms

Embedded Dirt
'Patina'

COMMENT: COMMENT: Due to a softening of the upper layer (paint or varnish) at some point, the dirt is found IN the layer and is unable too be removed without removing the entire upper layer. The paint may remain soft (tacky) or it may have re-hardened.

Literature

Cooper A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., Ormsby B., Water sensitive oil paints in the twentieth century: a study of the distribution of water-soluble degradation products in modern oil paint films, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary oil paint, pp 295-310

Morrison R., Bagley-Young A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., An investigation of parameters for the use of citrate solutions for surface cleaning unvarnished paintings., 2007, in: Studies in Conservation vol 52 nr.4, IIC, London, pp 255-270

Daudin-Schotte M., Bisschoff M., Joosten I., Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Dry cleaning approaches for unvarnished paint surfaces, 2013, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 209-219

Chavannes M., Diependaal H., van keulen H., Wijnberg L., Bongaarts M., Leeuwestein M., Catucci-de Groot S., “I try to keep surfaces as anonymous as possible”. Conservation issues in Richard Serra's monumental paintstick drawings on canvas., 2014, in: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference, Melbourne 2014 , paper 1001
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=4dc86890-ce1a-48d9-bfbb-e5fcdc5fbf9a

Murray A., Contreras de Berenfeld, C., Chang, S., Jablonski, E., Klein, T., Riggs, M., Robertson E.C., Tse W.M.A., The Condition and Cleaning of Acrylic Emulsion Paintings., 2002, in: Symposium II – Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology VI, vol. 712 II.14, pp 249-253

Ormsby B., Learner T.,Richie S., Schilling M., Improved controlled temperature and relative humidity DMA of artists' acrylic emulsion paint films. Part 1., 2007, in: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol. 90 (2007) 1., paper 1305

Griffin A., Young C., Hale T., "History is my material" - Anselm Kiefer, 2014, in: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference, Melbourne 2014 , pp 209-219
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=532b337e-c2f6-4067-95af-e852ee259169

Steyn L., Stols-Witlox M., Hendriks E., van den Berg K.J., Cleaning modern oil paints: The removal of imbibed surface dirt. Towards an integrated conservation methodology for the assessment, contextualization and treatment of imbibed surface dirt on unvarnished modern oil paintings, 2017, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 18th Triennial Conference, Copenhagen, 2017, paper 1317

Jablonski E., Learner T., Hayes J., Golden M., The Conservation of Acrylic Emulsion Paintings: A Literature Review, 2010, in: ,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260400209_The_Conservation_of_Acrylic_Emulsion_Paintings_A_Literature_Review

Perry R., Problems of Dirt accumulation and its removal from unvarnished paintings: a practical review, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 3-6

Jablonski E., Learner T., Hayes J., Golden M., Conservation concerns for acrylic emulsion paints, 2003, in: Studies in Conservation vol. 48, 2003, Issue sup.1: Reviews in Conservation, pp 3-12

Izzo F.C., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., Ferriani B., Zendri E., Modern oil paints- Formulations, organic additives and degradation: some case studies., 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 75-104

Ingebed vuil

Vastzittende, niet-originele deeltjes die IN de oppervlak van het verflaag of vernis gevonden worden. afhankelijk van de concentratie van deeltjes in de laag, kan het de verf een doffe, matte, grijzig uitstraling geven.

Opmerking: Bij niet gedroodge verf, of Door een verzachting van de bovenlaag (verf of vernis) wordt het vuil op een gegeven moment, IN de laag getrokken en kan het niet meer verwijderd worden, zonder de hele bovenlaag weg te halen. De verf kan zacht blijven, of kan opnieuw hard geworden zijn.

Literatuur

Cooper A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., Ormsby B., Water sensitive oil paints in the twentieth century: a study of the distribution of water-soluble degradation products in modern oil paint films, 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary oil paint, pp 295-310

Morrison R., Bagley-Young A., Burnstock A., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., An investigation of parameters for the use of citrate solutions for surface cleaning unvarnished paintings., 2007, in: Studies in Conservation vol 52 nr.4, IIC, London, pp 255-270

Daudin-Schotte M., Bisschoff M., Joosten I., Keulen H., van den Berg K.J., Dry cleaning approaches for unvarnished paint surfaces, 2013, in: New Insights into the cleaning of paintings. Proceedings from the cleaning 2010 international conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, pp 209-219

Chavannes M., Diependaal H., van keulen H., Wijnberg L., Bongaarts M., Leeuwestein M., Catucci-de Groot S., “I try to keep surfaces as anonymous as possible”. Conservation issues in Richard Serra's monumental paintstick drawings on canvas., 2014, in: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference, Melbourne 2014 , paper 1001
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=4dc86890-ce1a-48d9-bfbb-e5fcdc5fbf9a

Murray A., Contreras de Berenfeld, C., Chang, S., Jablonski, E., Klein, T., Riggs, M., Robertson E.C., Tse W.M.A., The Condition and Cleaning of Acrylic Emulsion Paintings., 2002, in: Symposium II – Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology VI, vol. 712 II.14, pp 249-253

Ormsby B., Learner T.,Richie S., Schilling M., Improved controlled temperature and relative humidity DMA of artists' acrylic emulsion paint films. Part 1., 2007, in: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol. 90 (2007) 1., paper 1305

Griffin A., Young C., Hale T., "History is my material" - Anselm Kiefer, 2014, in: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference, Melbourne 2014 , pp 209-219
https://www.icom-cc-publications-online.org/PublicationDetail.aspx?cid=532b337e-c2f6-4067-95af-e852ee259169

Steyn L., Stols-Witlox M., Hendriks E., van den Berg K.J., Cleaning modern oil paints: The removal of imbibed surface dirt. Towards an integrated conservation methodology for the assessment, contextualization and treatment of imbibed surface dirt on unvarnished modern oil paintings, 2017, in: Postprints of the ICOM-CC 18th Triennial Conference, Copenhagen, 2017, paper 1317

Jablonski E., Learner T., Hayes J., Golden M., The Conservation of Acrylic Emulsion Paintings: A Literature Review, 2010, in: ,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260400209_The_Conservation_of_Acrylic_Emulsion_Paintings_A_Literature_Review

Perry R., Problems of Dirt accumulation and its removal from unvarnished paintings: a practical review, 1990, in: Dirt and pictures separated. papers given at a conference held jointly by UKIC and the Tate Gallery, January 1990, pp 3-6

Jablonski E., Learner T., Hayes J., Golden M., Conservation concerns for acrylic emulsion paints, 2003, in: Studies in Conservation vol. 48, 2003, Issue sup.1: Reviews in Conservation, pp 3-12

Izzo F.C., van den Berg K.J., van Keulen H., Ferriani B., Zendri E., Modern oil paints- Formulations, organic additives and degradation: some case studies., 2014, in: Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, pp 75-104